Daily-use sentences in both Odia and English for common conversation

"Good morning! How’s it going?"

ସୁପ୍ରଭାତ! କେମିତି ଚାଲିଛି?


"Thank you so much for your help!"

ଆପଣଙ୍କ ସହଯୋଗ ପାଇଁ ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ ଅନେକ ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ!


"Sorry for the delay, I got caught up with something."

ବିଲମ୍ବ ପାଇଁ ଖେମା କରିବେ, ମୁଁ କିଛି ଗୋଟେ କାମରେ ବ୍ୟସ୍ତ ଥିଲି।


"Could you please pass me the salt?"

ଦୟାକରି ମୋତେ ଲୁଣଟି ଦେଇପାରିବେ କି?


"Would you mind giving me a hand with this?"

ଏହାରେ ମୋତେ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କରିବାକୁ ଆପଣଙ୍କ ଅସୁବିଧା ହେବ କି?


"May I ask you a quick question?"

ମୁଁ ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ ଏକ ଛୋଟ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ କରି ପାରିବି କି?


"I’d like a cup of coffee, please."

ମୋତେ ଏକ କପ୍ କଫି ଦିଅନ୍ତୁ।


"Could we go somewhere quieter?"

ଆମେ କିଛି ସାନ୍ତି ସ୍ଥାନକୁ ଯାଇପାରିବା କି?


"I’m looking for a good book to read."

ମୁଁ ପଢିବା ପାଇଁ ଏକ ଭଲ ପୁସ୍ତକ ଖୋଜୁଛି।


"Can I help you with that?"

ମୁଁ ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ ଏଥିରେ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କରି ପାରିବି କି?


"Let me know if there’s anything I can do."

ମୁଁ କିଛି କରିପାରିବି ଭାବିଲେ ମୋତେ ଜଣାନ୍ତୁ।


"Would you like some assistance?"

ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ କିଛି ସାହାଯ୍ୟ ଆବଶ୍ୟକ କି?


"I’m sorry, I didn’t mean to interrupt."

ମୁଁ ଖେମା ଚାହୁଁଛି, ମୁଁ ବାଘ୍ଯାଣ୍ଡି କରିବାକୁ ମନରେ ରାଖିନଥିଲି।


"Let me clarify that for you."

ମୁଁ ଏହାକୁ ଆପଣଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ କରିବି।


"Excuse me, could you repeat that?"

ମୋତେ ଖେମା କରିବେ, ଆପଣ ଏହାକୁ ପୁଣି କହିପାରିବେ କି?


"It was nice talking to you. Take care!"

ଆପଣଙ୍କ ସହିତ କଥା ହେବା ଭଲ ଲାଗିଲା। ଯତ୍ନ ନିଅନ୍ତୁ!


"Let’s catch up soon!"

ଚଳନ୍ତୁ, ଶିଘ୍ରେ ମିଳିବା ପାଇଁ ଯୋଜନା କରିବା!


"See you tomorrow. Have a good day!"

କାଲି ଦେଖା ହେବ। ଆପଣଙ୍କ ଦିନଟି ଭଲ ହେଉ!


"How have you been lately?"

ଅବଶ୍ୟତା ଏବେ କେମିତି ଅଛି?


"Hope everything is going well for you."

ଆଶା କରୁଛି ଆପଣଙ୍କ ସବୁ କିଛି ଭଲ ଚାଲୁଛି।


"Is there anything you’d like to talk about?"

ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ କିଛି କହିବାକୁ ଇଚ୍ଛା ଅଛି କି?


"I totally agree with you."

ମୁଁ ଆପଣଙ୍କ ସହ ନିଶ୍ଚିତ ଭାବେ ସହମତ।


"I don’t think that’s a good idea."

ମୋର ମନେ ଲାଗୁନି ଏହା ଭଲ ଧାରଣା।


"Let’s look at it from a different perspective."

ଆସନ୍ତୁ ଏହାକୁ ଏକ ଅନ୍ୟ ଦୃଷ୍ଟିକୋଣରୁ ଦେଖିବା।


"The weather is really nice today, isn’t it?"

ଆଜି ଆବହା ଏକଦମ ଭଲ ଅଛି, ତେଣେ କି?


"Have you watched any good movies lately?"

ଆପଣ ନିକଟରେ କୌଣସି ଭଲ ସିନେମା ଦେଖିଛନ୍ତି କି?


"I’ve been reading a great book. Have you read anything interesting?"

ମୁଁ ଏକ ଭଲ ପୁସ୍ତକ ପଢ଼ୁଛି। ଆପଣ କିଛି ଦରକାରୀ ପଢ଼ିଛନ୍ତି କି?


"You did an amazing job on that project!"

ଆପଣ ସେ ପ୍ରକଳ୍ପରେ ଅସାଧାରଣ କାମ କରିଛନ୍ତି!


"Your outfit looks great today!"

ଆଜି ଆପଣଙ୍କ ପୋଷାକ ଖୁବ ସୁନ୍ଦର ଲାଗୁଛି!


"I really admire your dedication."

ମୁଁ ଆପଣଙ୍କ ପ୍ରତିବଦ୍ଧତାକୁ ଖୁବ ପ୍ରଶଂସା କରେ।


"Don’t worry, we’ll find a solution."

ଚିନ୍ତା କରନ୍ତୁନି, ଆମେ ଏକ ସମାଧାନ ଖୋଜିବା।


"Take it one step at a time."

ଏହାକୁ ଦିଆ ଏକ ପଦକ୍ଷେପରେ ଆଗକୁ ନେବା।


"I’m here if you need someone to talk to."

ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ କିଏ ବି ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ଥାଇଲେ, ମୁଁ ଏଠାରେ ଅଛି।


"Let’s meet around 3 p.m. Is that okay?"

ଚଳନ୍ତୁ, ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ 3 ପି.ଏମ.ରେ ମିଳିବାକୁ ଯୋଜନା କରିବା। ଏହା ଠିକ ଅଛି କି?


"Could we reschedule for another day?"

ଆମେ ଅନ୍ୟ ଦିନ ପାଇଁ ଆରମ୍ଭ କରିପାରିବା କି?


"Do you want to grab lunch together?"

ଆପଣ ଆମେ ସଂଗେ ଲଞ୍ଚ କରିବାକୁ ଚାହୁଁଛନ୍ତି କି?


"Keep up the great work!"

ଏହି ଭଲ କାମଟି ଚାଲୁ ରଖନ୍ତୁ!


"Don’t give up; you’re almost there."

ହାର ନାହାନ୍ତୁ, ଆପଣ ପ୍ରାୟ ପହଞ୍ଚିବାକୁ ଯାଉଛନ୍ତି।


"Believe in yourself, you can do it!"

ନିଜରୁ ଆଶା ରଖନ୍ତୁ, ଆପଣ ଏହା କରିପାରିବେ!


Expressing Gratitude:


"I really appreciate your help."

ମୁଁ ଆପଣଙ୍କ ସହଯୋଗକୁ ବହୁତ ଆମୂଲ୍ୟ ମାନୁଛି।


"Thanks for being there for me."

ମୋ ପାଇଁ ରହିବା ପାଇଁ ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ।


"I couldn’t have done it without you."

ମୁଁ ଆପଣ ବିନା ଏହା କରିପାରିଥାନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ।


"Could you tell me where the nearest bank is?"

ନିକଟତମ ବ୍ୟାଙ୍କ କେଉଁଠାରେ ଅଛି ମୋତେ କହିପାରିବେ କି?


"Do you know when the next bus arrives?"

ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ବସ କେବେ ଆସୁଛି ଆପଣ ଜାଣିଛନ୍ତି କି?


"Can you give me directions to the train station?"

ଟ୍ରେନ୍ ସ୍ଟେସନ୍‌କୁ ପହଞ୍ଚିବାର ମାର୍ଗଦର୍ଶନ ଦେଇପାରିବେ କି?


"Are you free this weekend?"

ଆସନ୍ତା ସପ୍ତାହରେ ଆପଣ ଖାଲି ଅଛନ୍ତି କି?


"Can we schedule a meeting for tomorrow?"

ଆମେ କାଲି ଏକ ବୈଠକ ଯୋଜନା କରିପାରିବା କି?


"Is there any time that works best for you?"

ଆପଣଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଯୋଗ୍ୟ ସମୟ କେଉଁଟା?


"In my opinion, this looks great."

ମୋର ମତାନୁସାରେ ଏହା ବହୁତ ଭଲ ଦେଖାଯାଉଛି।


"I think there’s room for improvement."

ମୋର ମନେ ଲାଗୁଛି ଏଠାରେ ସୁଧାର ପାଇଁ ସ୍ଥାନ ଅଛି।


"Your suggestion is very helpful."

ଆପଣଙ୍କ ପରାମର୍ଶ ବହୁତ ଉପଯୁକ୍ତ।


"What are your plans for the weekend?"

ଆପଣଙ୍କର ଶୁକ୍ରବାର ଓ ସୋମବାର ରେ କ’ଣ ଯୋଜନା ଅଛି?


"Let’s meet at 5 p.m. at the coffee shop."

କଫି ଶପ୍‌ରେ 5 ପି.ଏମ.ରେ ଆମେ ମିଳିବା।


"Shall we go for a walk this evening?"

ଆଜି ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟାରେ ଆମେ ଏକ ହାଟିବାକୁ ଯିବା କି?


"I prefer tea over coffee."

ମୁଁ ଚା ଅଧିକ ପସନ୍ଦ କରେ କଫିଠାରୁ।


"I like reading more than watching TV."

ଟିଭି ଦେଖିବା ଠାରୁ ମୋତେ ପଢ଼ିବା ଭଲ ଲାଗେ।


"I would rather stay home than go out."

ମୋତେ ଘରେ ରହିବା ପସନ୍ଦ କରିବି ବାହାରକୁ ଯିବାଠାରୁ।


"What do you think about this?"

ଆପଣଙ୍କର ଏହା ବିଷୟରେ କ’ଣ ମତ ଅଛି?


"How do you feel about the new project?"

ନୂତନ ପ୍ରକଳ୍ପ ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ଆପଣ କେମିତି ଅନୁଭବ କରୁଛନ୍ତି?


"Do you agree with this decision?"

ଆପଣ ଏହି ନିଷ୍ପତ୍ତି ସହିତ ସହମତ କି?


"I apologize for the misunderstanding."

ବୁଝାରେ ତ୍ରୁଟି ପାଇଁ ମୁଁ ଖେମା ଚାହୁଁଛି।


"I’m really sorry for being late."

ବିଳମ୍ବ ହେବା ପାଇଁ ମୁଁ ଖୁବ ଦୁଃଖିତ।


"Please forgive me if I caused any inconvenience."

ମୁଁ ଯଦି କୌଣସି ଅସୁବିଧା ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିଥାଏ, ଦୟାକରି ଖେମା କରନ୍ତୁ।


"I’m so excited about this event!"

ମୁଁ ଏହି କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ରମ ପାଇଁ ଖୁବ ଉତ୍ସୁକ୍ତ।


"This is such a wonderful surprise!"

ଏହା ଏକ ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ ସୁନ୍ଦର ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟ!


"I couldn’t be happier!"

ମୁଁ ଆଉ ଖୁସି ହୋଇ ପାରେ ନାହିଁ!


"I plan to learn a new skill this year."

ମୋର ଏହି ବର୍ଷରେ ଏକ ନୂତନ କୌଶଳ ଶିଖିବାକୁ ଯୋଜନା ଅଛି।


"I hope to achieve my dreams one day."

ମୁଁ ଏକ ଦିନ ମୋର ସପନା ପୂରଣ କରିବାକୁ ଆଶା କରେ।


"I want to improve myself every day."

ମୁଁ ପ୍ରତିଦିନ ନିଜକୁ ସୁଧାରିବାକୁ ଚାହେ।


"You should give it a try!"

ଆପଣ ଏହାକୁ ଏକଥର ଚେଷ୍ଟା କରି ଦେଖନ୍ତୁ!


"It’s okay to make mistakes; that’s how we learn."

ତ୍ରୁଟି ହେବା ସାଧାରଣ; ଏହା ଦ୍ୱାରା ଆମେ ଶିଖିବା।


"You might surprise yourself!"

ଆପଣ ନିଜକୁ ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟ ପରିପାକ କରିପାରନ୍ତି!


"I expected better results."

ମୁଁ ଭଲ ପରିଣାମ ଆଶା କରିଥିଲି।


"It didn’t go as planned."

ଏହା ଯଥା ଯୋଜନା ହୋଇନଥିଲା।


"I feel let down by this outcome."

ମୁଁ ଏହି ପରିଣାମରେ ହତାଶ ଅନୁଭବ କରୁଛି।


"Really? That’s incredible!"

ସତି? ଏହା ଅବିଶ୍ୱସନୀୟ!


"I wasn’t expecting that at all!"

ମୁଁ ଏହାକୁ ଏକଦମ ଆଶା କରୁନଥିଲି!


"This is a pleasant surprise!"

ଏହା ଏକ ସୁନ୍ଦର ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ୍ୟ!


"If I were you, I would consider this option."

ମୁଁ ଆପଣଙ୍କ ସ୍ଥାନରେ ଥାଏ, ତେବେ ଏହି ବିକଳ୍ପକୁ ଭାବନ୍ତୁ।


"Maybe it’s worth trying a different approach."

ଶାୟଦ ଏକ ଭିନ୍ନ ପଦ୍ଧତିକୁ ଚେଷ୍ଟା କରିବା ଆବଶ୍ୟକ।


"How about taking a short break and revisiting it?"

ଏକ ଛୋଟ ବିରାମ ନେଇ ଏଥିରେ ପୁଣି ଆସିବାକୁ କାହିଁକି ଚେଷ୍ଟା ନକରନ୍ତି?


"I’m not entirely sure about this."

ମୁଁ ଏହା ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ନିଶ୍ଚିତ ନୁହେଁ।


"This seems a bit unclear to me."

ଏହା ମୋ ପାଇଁ କିଛି ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ଲାଗୁନାହିଁ।


"Do you think this is the right decision?"

ଆପଣଙ୍କର ମତରେ ଏହା ଠିକ ନିଷ୍ପତ୍ତି କି?


"I’m so relieved it worked out!"

ଏହା ସଫଳ ହେବାରୁ ମୁଁ ବହୁତ ସଂତୁଷ୍ଟ।


"That’s a huge weight off my shoulders."

ଏହା ମୋର ଗର୍ଭରୁ ଏକ ଭାର ହଟିଯାଇଛି।


"I was really worried, but now I feel better."

ମୁଁ ଖୁବ ଚିନ୍ତା ହେବାକୁ ଥିଲି, କିନ୍ତୁ ଏବେ ମୁଁ ଭଲ ଅନୁଭବ କରୁଛି।


"I’m really happy with the outcome!"

ମୁଁ ଏହି ପରିଣାମରେ ଖୁବ ଖୁସି ଅଛି!


"This makes my day!"

ଏହା ମୋର ଦିନକୁ ଖୁସି ରଖେ।


"I couldn’t be more thrilled!"

ମୋର ଖୁସିର ମାପ ନାହିଁ!


"I understand where you’re coming from."

ମୁଁ ଆପଣଙ୍କ ଦୃଷ୍ଟିକୋଣକୁ ବୁଝି ପାରୁଛି।


"Let’s discuss this calmly."

ଆସନ୍ତୁ ଏହାକୁ ଶାନ୍ତ ଭାବରେ ଆଲୋଚନା କରିବା।


"We might have different opinions, but that’s okay."

ଆମର ମତାମତ ଭିନ୍ନ ହୋଇପାରେ, କିନ୍ତୁ ଏହା ଠିକ ଅଛି।


"I remember when we went there last year."

ମୋତେ ଗତ ବର୍ଷ ଆମେ ସେଠାକୁ ଯାଇଥିଲୁ ମନେ ପଡ଼ୁଛି।


"I learned a lot from that experience."

ସେହି ଅନୁଭବରୁ ମୁଁ ଖୁବ କିଛି ଶିଖିଲି।


"That was one of the best times of my life."

ଏହା ମୋ ଜୀବନର ଏକ ଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ ସମୟ ଥିଲା।


"I’m curious to know more about this."

ମୋର ଏହା ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ ଅଧିକ ଜାଣିବାକୁ ଆଗ୍ରହ ଅଛି।


"Have you ever tried something like this before?"

ଆପଣ ପୂର୍ବରୁ ଏପରି କିଛି କରିଥିଲେ କି?


"What inspired you to do this?"

ଏହାକୁ କରିବାକୁ ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ କ’ଣ ପ୍ରେରଣା ଦେଲା?


"I hope you’re feeling better now."

ମୁଁ ଆଶା କରୁଛି ଆପଣ ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ ଭଲ ଅନୁଭବ କରୁଛନ୍ତି।


"Take care and get plenty of rest."

ଯତ୍ନ ନିଅନ୍ତୁ ଏବଂ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାପ୍ତ ଆରାମ କରନ୍ତୁ।


"If you need anything, just let me know."

ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ ଯଦି କିଛି ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ଥାଏ, ମୋତେ କହନ୍ତୁ।


"Can I help you with that?"

ମୁଁ ଏହାରେ ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ ସହଯୋଗ କରିପାରିବି କି?


"Let me know if there’s anything I can do."

ମୋତେ କହନ୍ତୁ ଯଦି କିଛି ମୁଁ କରିପାରିବି।


"I’m here if you need any assistance."

ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ ଯଦି କିଛି ସହାଯୋଗ ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ଥାଏ, ମୁଁ ଏଠାରେ ଅଛି।


"Could you explain that a bit more?"

ଆପଣ ଏହାକୁ କିଛି ଅଧିକ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ କରିବେ କି?


"I didn’t quite catch that. Could you repeat?"

ମୁଁ ଏହାକୁ ସଠିକ୍‌ ଭାବରେ ଶୁଣିପାରିଲି ନାହିଁ। ଦୟାକରି ପୁଣି କହିବେ କି?


"Do you mean…?"

ଆପଣର ମନେ ଆସିଛି…?


"I’m so sorry to hear that."

ଏହା ଶୁଣି ବହୁତ ଦୁଃଖିତ ହେଲି।


"I understand this must be hard for you."

ମୁଁ ବୁଝୁଛି ଏହା ଆପଣଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ କଠିନ ହେବା ଆବଶ୍ୟକ।


"If there’s anything I can do, please let me know."

ମୋତେ କହନ୍ତୁ ଯଦି ମୁଁ କିଛି କରିପାରିବି।


"I have some exciting news to share!"

ମୋ ପାଖରେ କିଛି ରମାଣୀୟ ସମ୍ବାଦ ଅଛି!


"Guess what? I got the job!"

ଭାବନ୍ତୁ କ’ଣ ହେଲା? ମୁଁ ଏହି କାମ ଲାଗି ପାଇଗଲି!


"I’m thrilled to announce…"

ମୁଁ ଏହା ଘୋଷଣା କରି ବହୁତ ଖୁସି ଅଛି…


"If I may suggest, try a different approach."

ମୋର ପରାମର୍ଶ ଅନୁସାରେ, ଏକ ଭିନ୍ନ ପଦ୍ଧତି ଚେଷ୍ଟା କରନ୍ତୁ।


"Why don’t you take a break and come back to it?"

ଆପଣ ବିରାମ ନେଇ ଆଉଥର ଏଥିରେ ଆସିବାକୁ ଚେଷ୍ଟା କରନ୍ତୁ କାହିଁକି?


"Maybe you could look at it from another angle."

ଆପଣ ଶାୟଦ ଏହାକୁ ଅନ୍ୟ ଦୃଷ୍ଟିକୋଣରୁ ଦେଖିପାରନ୍ତି।


"Would you like to join us for dinner?"

ଆପଣ ଆମ ସହିତ ରାତ୍ରିଭୋଜନ ପାଇଁ ଯୋଗ ଦେବାକୁ ଚାହୁଁଛନ୍ତି କି?


"How about catching a movie this weekend?"

ଆସନ୍ତା ସପ୍ତାହରେ ଏକ ସିନେମା ଦେଖିବାକୁ କାହିଁକି ଚେଷ୍ଟା ନକରିବା?


"Let’s get together sometime soon."

ଆମେ କେବେକି ଏକ ସମୟରେ ସଂଗେ ହେବାକୁ ଆସନ୍ତୁ।


"I feel really happy about this decision."

ମୁଁ ଏହି ନିଷ୍ପତ୍ତିରେ ବହୁତ ଖୁସି ଅନୁଭବ କରୁଛି।


"I’m feeling a bit overwhelmed right now."

ମୁଁ ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ ଥୋଡ଼ା ହେଲେ ମନୋକ୍ଷୁଭିତ ଅନୁଭବ କରୁଛି।


"This makes me feel very motivated."

ଏହା ମୋତେ ବହୁତ ପ୍ରେରିତ କରେ।


"I’m working on a new project."

ମୁଁ ଏକ ନୂତନ ପ୍ରକଳ୍ପରେ କାମ କରୁଛି।


"This task requires a lot of focus."

ଏହି କାମରେ ଅଧିକ ଧ୍ୟାନ ଆବଶ୍ୟକ।


"I’ll need some time to complete this."

ଏହାକୁ ସମାପ୍ତ କରିବାକୁ ମୋତେ ଅଲ୍ପ ସମୟ ଆବଶ୍ୟକ।


"With all due respect, I see it differently."

ସମ୍ମାନ ସହିତ କହିବାକୁ ଚାହେଁ, ମୁଁ ଏହାକୁ ଅନ୍ୟର ପରି ଦେଖୁଛି।


"I appreciate your viewpoint, but I have a different perspective."

ମୁଁ ଆପଣଙ୍କର ଦୃଷ୍ଟିକୋଣକୁ ପ୍ରଶଂସା କରୁଛି, କିନ୍ତୁ ମୋର ଏକ ଭିନ୍ନ ଦୃଷ୍ଟିକୋଣ ଅଛି।


"Let’s agree to respect each other’s opinions."

ଆସନ୍ତୁ ଆମେ ଏକାପରକାରକୁ ସମ୍ମାନ କରିବାକୁ ଅନୁମତି ଦେବା।


"The weather is really nice today."

ଆଜି ପାଗ କୁବ ଭଲ ଅଛି।


"It looks like it might rain later."

ପରେ ବର୍ଷା ହେବାକୁ ଲାଗୁଛି।


"It’s very hot outside today."

ଆଜି ବାହାରେ ଏବେ ବହୁତ ଗରମ ଅଛି।


"Take a left at the next turn."

ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ମୋଡରେ ବାମକୁ ଯାଆନ୍ତୁ।


"It’s just a short walk from here."

ଏହା ଏଠାରୁ କେବଳ ଏକ ଛୋଟ ଚାଲିବାର ଦୂରରେ ଅଛି।


"You’ll see it on your right side."

ଆପଣ ଏହାକୁ ଆପଣଙ୍କର ଦକ୍ଷିଣ ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱରେ ଦେଖିପାରିବେ।


"I’m planning to visit my family next week."

ମୁଁ ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ସପ୍ତାହରେ ମୋର ପରିବାରକୁ ଦେଖିବାକୁ ଯିବାକୁ ଯୋଜନା କରୁଛି।


"We should catch up sometime soon."

ଆମେ ଶିଘ୍ର କେବେ ଦେଖା କରିବାକୁ ଚାହୁଁଛୁ।


"I’ll call you once I reach there."

ମୁଁ ସେଠାରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିଲେ ଆପଣକୁ ଫୋନ କରିବି।


"I’m really sorry for the inconvenience."

ଅସୁବିଧା ପାଇଁ ମୁଁ ଖୁବ ଦୁଃଖିତ।


"Please forgive me for my mistake."

ମୋ ତ୍ରୁଟି ପାଇଁ ଦୟାକରି ମୋତେ କ୍ଷମା କରନ୍ତୁ।


"It won’t happen again."

ଏହା ପୁଣି ହେବ ନାହିଁ।


"I prefer tea over coffee."

ମୁଁ କଫି ଠାରୁ ଚାହା ପସନ୍ଦ କରେ।


"I like reading books in my free time."

ମୁଁ ମୋର ଖାଲି ସମୟରେ ପୁସ୍ତକ ପଢ଼ିବାକୁ ପସନ୍ଦ କରେ।


"I’m not really a fan of spicy food."

ମୁଁ ତିକ୍ତ ଖାଦ୍ୟର ପ୍ରଶଂସକ ନୁହେଁ।


"Would you like some more coffee?"

ଆପଣ ଅଧିକ କଫି ନେବାକୁ ଚାହୁଁଛନ୍ତି କି?


"Feel free to take anything you need."

ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ ଯାହା ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ହେବ ନେବା ପାଇଁ ସ୍ୱାଧୀନ ଅଛନ୍ତି।


"Let me help you with that."

ମୁଁ ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ ଏଥିରେ ସହଯୋଗ କରିବି।


"I totally agree with you."

ମୁଁ ଆପଣଙ୍କ ସହିତ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଏକମତ।


"That sounds like a good plan."

ଏହା ଏକ ଭଲ ଯୋଜନା ପରି ଲାଗୁଛି।


"You’re absolutely right."

ଆପଣ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଠିକ କହୁଛନ୍ତି।


"Thank you, but I already have plans."

ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ, କିନ୍ତୁ ମୋ ଠାରେ ଆଗରୁ ଯୋଜନା ଅଛି।


"I’d love to, but I’m busy at that time."

ମୁଁ ଯାଇପାରିବି କିନ୍ତୁ ସେତେବେଳେ ମୁଁ ବ୍ୟସ୍ତ ରହିବି।


"I appreciate the offer, but I’ll have to pass."

ପ୍ରସ୍ତାବ ପାଇଁ ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ, କିନ୍ତୁ ମୁଁ ଏହାକୁ ତ୍ୟାଗ କରିବାକୁ ପଡ଼ିବ।


"Wow, that’s amazing!"

ବାହା! ଏହା ଅଦ୍ଭୁତ!


"I can’t believe it!"

ମୁଁ ଏହାକୁ ନିଜେ ନାହିଁ ଆଶ୍ବାସ କରୁ।


"This is so unexpected!"

ଏହା ଏତେ ଅପେକ୍ଷା ବିପରୀତ!


"I wake up early every day."

ମୁଁ ପ୍ରତିଦିନ ସକାଳେ ଉଠିପାରିଥାଏ।


"I usually go for a walk in the evening."

ସାଧାରଣତଃ ମୁଁ ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟାରେ ହାଟିବାକୁ ଯାଏ।


"I spend some time reading before bed."

ମୁଁ ବେଡ୍ ପୂର୍ବରୁ ଏକ ଦିନ ପଢ଼ିବାର ସମୟ ଗୁଜରେଇଥାଏ।

Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory Theoretical Framework Educational Implications

                        ALBERT BANDURA’S SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory (SLT) is one of the most influential theories in the field of psychology and education. It emphasizes the role of observation, imitation, and modeling in learning and posits that much of human learning occurs in a social context through interaction with others. Bandura introduced key concepts such as observational learning, vicarious reinforcement, self-efficacy, and reciprocal determinism, which explain how individuals learn from their environment and others around them.

This 16-mark answer will cover the theoretical framework of Bandura’s Social Learning Theory along with its educational implications in detail.

Theoretical Framework of Bandura’s Social Learning Theory

Social Learning Theory builds on the idea that people learn behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions from others. It bridges behaviorist learning theories (which emphasize learning through direct reinforcement) and cognitive learning theories (which focus on internal processes).

1. Observational Learning (Modeling)

Bandura’s core concept is that people can learn new behaviors through observing others. This type of learning does not require direct reinforcement or punishment but is based on observing and imitating the behaviors, attitudes, or emotional expressions of others.

Key processes involved in observational learning are:

Attention: For observational learning to occur, the learner must pay attention to the model. Factors such as attractiveness, competence, and similarity to the observer increase the likelihood of attention.

Retention: The observer must be able to remember the behavior that has been observed. This involves mental encoding and storing of the behavior in memory.

Reproduction: The observer must have the ability to reproduce or imitate the behavior they have observed. This depends on the observer's physical and cognitive capabilities.

Motivation: Finally, the observer must be motivated to imitate the behavior. Motivation can be influenced by external reinforcement (rewards or punishments) or internal factors like satisfaction or a sense of accomplishment.

2. Vicarious Reinforcement

Bandura introduced the concept of vicarious reinforcement, which refers to learning through observing the consequences of others’ behavior. If the model is rewarded for their actions, the observer is more likely to imitate that behavior (positive reinforcement). Conversely, if the model is punished, the observer may refrain from engaging in that behavior (vicarious punishment).

This process allows individuals to learn without direct experience and highlights the role of indirect consequences in shaping behavior.

3. Reciprocal Determinism

Bandura’s concept of reciprocal determinism describes the dynamic interplay between the individual, their behavior, and the environment. This means that behavior, personal factors (cognition, emotions, attitudes), and environmental factors all influence each other reciprocally.

Behavior: Actions taken by the individual.

Personal Factors: Internal factors such as beliefs, thoughts, expectations, and emotions.

Environment: External factors such as social influences, rewards, punishments, and modeling.

Reciprocal determinism suggests that not only does the environment influence an individual’s behavior, but an individual’s behavior also affects the environment.

4. Self-Efficacy

Self-efficacy, a central concept in Bandura’s theory, refers to an individual’s belief in their ability to perform a particular task or achieve a specific goal. Bandura argued that self-efficacy influences how people approach challenges, set goals, and persist in the face of obstacles. People with high self-efficacy are more likely to take on challenging tasks, put in greater effort, and persist longer than those with low self-efficacy.

Self-efficacy is developed through:

Mastery experiences: Successfully completing tasks strengthens self-efficacy.

Vicarious experiences: Observing others succeed can build self-efficacy.

Verbal persuasion: Encouragement from others boosts belief in one’s abilities.

Emotional and physiological states: Positive emotions and low stress enhance self-efficacy.

Educational Implications of Bandura’s Social Learning Theory

Bandura’s Social Learning Theory has significant implications for teaching and learning. It emphasizes the importance of social context, role models, and self-efficacy in educational settings.

1. Role of Modeling in Education

Teachers, parents, and peers act as models in the classroom and educational environment. Students learn not only from direct instruction but also by observing the behaviors, attitudes, and actions of those around them.

Teachers as role models: Teachers should model positive behaviors, enthusiasm for learning, and critical thinking. When students see teachers modeling the desired behavior, they are more likely to imitate these actions.

Peer modeling: Students often look to their peers for cues on how to behave. Encouraging peer tutoring and collaborative learning allows students to learn from each other.

2. Use of Vicarious Reinforcement

Vicarious learning is an efficient way of teaching students, especially when direct experience is not feasible. By observing others being rewarded or punished for their actions, students can learn what behaviors are encouraged or discouraged in the classroom.

Praise and rewards for students who display positive behaviors can encourage others to imitate those behaviors. Similarly, when students observe negative consequences for inappropriate behavior, they are less likely to engage in that behavior.

Classroom management: Teachers can use examples of students’ actions to reinforce good behavior by highlighting role models within the class who display positive traits such as teamwork, responsibility, or perseverance.

3. Encouraging Self-Efficacy

Building students' confidence: Teachers should focus on enhancing students' self-efficacy by creating opportunities for success, providing constructive feedback, and offering encouragement. This will motivate students to tackle more challenging tasks and take responsibility for their learning.

Setting achievable goals: By helping students set realistic, attainable goals, teachers can foster a sense of accomplishment that enhances self-efficacy.

Differentiated instruction: Providing tasks that are tailored to the skill levels of individual students can promote mastery experiences, thereby enhancing self-efficacy.

4. Reciprocal Teaching

Reciprocal teaching strategies encourage both teachers and students to engage in a dialogue about the subject matter. It promotes a more interactive learning environment where students can model behaviors from both teachers and peers.

Through this, teachers and students share roles in leading discussions, asking questions, summarizing concepts, and making predictions, allowing students to observe and imitate critical thinking and comprehension strategies.

5. Collaborative and Cooperative Learning

Group activities and peer learning create an environment where students can learn by observing each other. Collaborative learning encourages social interaction, which is crucial for social learning. By working in groups, students can witness the success of their peers, which can motivate them to perform better.

Positive peer influence: The social context in which students learn is shaped by their interactions with classmates. Encouraging positive peer modeling in group work fosters a cooperative environment where students help each other learn.

6. Incorporating Technology and Media

Bandura’s theory emphasizes the role of media in learning. Media and technology can be powerful tools for modeling behavior. Educational videos, simulations, and interactive software provide opportunities for students to observe, imitate, and learn through visual and verbal models.

Media literacy: Given the role of media in shaping behavior, it is important to teach students to critically evaluate the models they encounter in media and to discern positive from negative behaviors.

7. Self-Regulation and Motivation

Bandura’s concept of self-regulation emphasizes that students can monitor their own behavior, set goals, and reflect on their progress. Educators can promote self-regulation by encouraging students to assess their own learning and take responsibility for their academic progress.

Intrinsic motivation can be fostered by promoting mastery experiences and encouraging students to reflect on their achievements. By supporting autonomy and providing constructive feedback, teachers help students develop a stronger sense of self-efficacy and motivation.

Conclusion

Bandura’s Social Learning Theory highlights the importance of social interactions, modeling, and self-efficacy in learning. By incorporating these principles into the classroom, educators can create a learning environment that encourages observation, critical thinking, and collaborative learning. The role of teachers as role models, the use of vicarious reinforcement, and the promotion of self-efficacy are key educational implications that can enhance students' motivation, behavior, and academic success. Social Learning Theory provides a framework that is practical, dynamic, and deeply connected to real-world educational settings, making it an essential theory for understanding and improving teaching and learning processes.





important biology question for otet paper 2 odisha teacher eligibility test question paper mock test

 

Question 1:

Which process is responsible for the movement of water and minerals from the roots to the leaves of a plant?

A) Photosynthesis

B) Transpiration

C) Respiration

D) Osmosis

Answer: B) Transpiration


Question 2:

What is the primary function of the chloroplasts in plant cells?

A) Energy production

B) Photosynthesis

C) Cellular respiration

D) Protein synthesis

Answer: B) Photosynthesis


Question 3:

Which of the following is an example of a biome characterized by low rainfall and high temperatures?

A) Tundra

B) Desert

C) Rainforest

D) Grassland

Answer: B) Desert


Question 4:

What type of symmetry is exhibited by organisms in the phylum Echinodermata?

A) Bilateral symmetry

B) Radial symmetry

C) Asymmetry

D) Spherical symmetry

Answer: B) Radial symmetry


Question 5:

Which of the following elements is essential for the formation of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

A) Calcium

B) Iron

C) Potassium

D) Magnesium

Answer: B) Iron


Question 6:

In physics, which principle states that an object submerged in a fluid experiences a buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced?

A) Archimedes' Principle

B) Pascal's Principle

C) Bernoulli's Principle

D) Newton's Law

Answer: A) Archimedes' Principle


Question 7:

Which type of feedback mechanism increases the output of a process in biological systems?

A) Negative feedback

B) Positive feedback

C) Homeostasis

D) Equilibrium

Answer: B) Positive feedback


Question 8:

What is the main cause of ocean acidification?

A) Increased nitrogen levels

B) Carbon dioxide absorption

C) Excessive fishing

D) Pollution from plastics

Answer: B) Carbon dioxide absorption


Question 9:

Which of the following diseases is caused by a viral infection?

A) Tuberculosis

B) Malaria

C) Influenza

D) Cholera

Answer: C) Influenza


Question 10:

What is the primary purpose of the scientific method?

A) To prove hypotheses

B) To gather evidence

C) To formulate theories

D) To conduct experiments in a systematic way

Answer: D) To conduct experiments in a systematic way


Question 11:

What is the primary function of the human liver?

A) Producing insulin

B) Filtering blood and detoxifying chemicals

C) Absorbing nutriets

D) Pumping blood

Answer: B) Filtering blood and detoxifying chemicals


Question 12:

Which type of reaction involves the breakdown of a compound into simpler substances?

A) Synthesis reaction

B) Decomposition reaction

C) Displacement reaction

D) Redox reaction

Answer: B) Decomposition reaction


Question 13:

Which of the following hormones regulates blood sugar levels?

A) Adrenaline

B) Insulin

C) Thyroxine

D) Cortisol

Answer: B) Insulin


Question 14:

What is the primary gas responsible for the greenhouse effect?

A) Oxygen

B) Nitrogen

C) Carbon Dioxide

D) Helium

Answer: C) Carbon Dioxide


Question 15:

Which organelle is known as the "suicide bag" of the cell due to its role in apoptosis?

A) Lysosome

B) Mitochondria

C) Endoplasmic Reticulum

D) Golgi Apparatus

Answer: A) Lysosome


Question 16:

In genetics, what does the term "genotype" refer to

A) The physical appearance of an organism

B) The genetic makeup of an organism

C) The location of a gene on a chromosome

D) The mutation rate of a gene

Answer: B) The genetic makeup of an organism


Question 17:

What is the main source of energy for the Earth's climate system?

A) Geothermal energy

B) Solar energy

C) Wind energy

D) Nuclear energy

Answer: B) Solar energy


Question 18:

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of acids?

A) Sour taste

B) Slippery feel

C) Turns blue litmus paper red

D) Reacts with metals to produce hydrogen gas

Answer: B) Slippery feel


Question 19:

What is the effect of deforestation on the carbon cycle?

A) Decreases carbon dioxide levels

B) Increases oxygen production

C) Increases carbon dioxide levels

D) Stabilizes the climate

Answer: C) Increases carbon dioxide levels


Question 20:

Which part of the eye is responsible for focusing light onto the retina?

A) Cornea

B) Iris

C) Lens

D) Pupil

Answer: C) Lens


Question 21:

What is the primary role of the myelin sheath in nerve cells?

A) To protect the neuron from damage

B) To facilitate faster transmission of electrical signals

C) To provide nutrients to the neuron

D) To produce neurotransmitters

Answer: B) To facilitate faster transmission of electrical signals


Question 22:

Which of the following is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system?

A) Enthalpy

B) Free energy

C) Entropy

D) Heat capacity

Answer: C) Entropy


Question 23:

What type of waves are used in medical imaging to create ultrasound images?

A) Radio waves

B) Infrared waves

C) Sound waves

D) X-rays

Answer: C) Sound waves


Question 24:

Which organ in the human body is primarily responsible for maintaining the acid-base balance?

A) Heart

B) Lungs

C) Kidneys

D) Liver

Answer: C) Kidneys


Question 25:

Which of the following is an example of a homogenous mixture?

A) Salad

B) Oil and water

C) Air

D) Soil

Answer: C) Air


Question 26:

What is the primary factor that drives the process of natural selection?

A) Genetic mutation

B) Competition for resources

C) Environmental changes

D) Human intervention

Answer: B) Competition for resources


Question 27:

Which nutrient is essential for the synthesis of DNA and RNA?

A) Carbohydrates

B) Proteins

C) Lipids

D) Nucleotides

Answer: D) Nucleotides


Question 28:

Which phenomenon explains the bending of light when it passes from one medium to another?

A) Reflection

B) Refraction

C) Diffraction

D) Dispersion

Answer: B) Refraction


Question 29:

What type of ecological relationship is characterized by one organism benefiting at the expense of another?

A) Mutualism

B) Commensalism

C) Parasitism

D) Symbiosis

Answer: C) Parasitism


Question 30:

Which element is commonly known as the "building block of life"?

A) Oxygen

B) Carbon

C) Hydrogen

D) Nitrogen

Answer: B) Carbon


Question 31:

Which structure in the cell is responsible for regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell?

A) Cell wall

B) Cell membrane

C) Cytoplasm

D) Nucleus

Answer: B) Cell membrane


Question 32:

What is the primary function of red blood cells in the human body?

A) To fight infection

B) To transport oxygen

C) To aid in digestion

D) To regulate body temperature

Answer: B) To transport oxygen


Question 33:


Which type of immunity is acquired through vaccination?

A) Innate immunity

B) Passive immunity

C) Active immunity

D) Adaptive immunity

Answer: C) Active immunity


Question 34:

What is the primary role of DNA in cells?

A) Energy production

B) Protein synthesis

C) Genetic information storage

D) Cell division

Answer: C) Genetic information storage


Question 35:

Which process describes the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane?

A) Diffusion

B) Osmosis

C) Active transport

D) Facilitated diffusion

Answer: B) Osmosis


Question 36:

Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes in biological reactions?

A) They increase the activation energy required for reactions.

B) They provide energy for reactions to occur.

C) They act as catalysts to speed up reactions.

D) They change the direction of the reactions.

Answer: C) They act as catalysts to speed up reactions.


Question 37:

What is the primary function of the large intestine in the human digestive system?

A) Nutrient absorption

B) Water absorption and waste elimination

C) Digestion of proteins

D) Secretion of digestive enzymes

Answer: B) Water absorption and waste elimination


Question 38:

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane?

A) Energy production

B) Genetic material storage

C) Regulation of transport

D) Protein synthesis

Answer: C) Regulation of transport


Question 39:

In which part of the cell does cellular respiration primarily take place?

A) Nucleus

B) Mitochondria

C) Ribosome

D) Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer: B) Mitochondria


Question 40:

Which type of cell division results in two identical daughter cells?

A) Meiosis

B) Mitosis

C) Binary fission

D) Budding

Answer: B) Mitosis

Alternative English AECC 2 UNEASY HOMECOMING BY WILL. F JENKINS Story in Hindi & English +3 1st year 2nd semester

                              Uneasy Homecoming: A Story of Fear and Courage

Connie's heart raced with anticipation as she returned home after a peaceful two-week holiday. As the taxi rolled through the fading light of the day, everything around her seemed familiar, yet something deep inside her stirred uneasily. Her house stood on the edge of a quiet bay, isolated from the bustle of the town. It looked as neat and welcoming as ever, but a strange dread wrapped itself around her, tightening its grip as she stepped out of the taxi. The unease persisted as she entered the quiet house. It was the kind of silence that felt unnatural, almost oppressive, as though the house itself was holding its breath. Connie dismissed it, attributing her anxiety to the fact that she was alone and that Tom, her husband, wouldn’t be home until midnight. Yet, a gnawing sensation told her that something wasn’t right. She wandered into the kitchen, trying to shake off the strange feelings by going about familiar routines. The hum of the refrigerator and the sound of water running from the tap offered some comfort, but it wasn’t enough to dispel her fear. The house, though familiar, felt strange, as if it had been disturbed in her absence.

Connie’s gaze drifted outside to the garden, where the last light of dusk cast a soft glow over the bay. Everything appeared calm and serene, but there was a tension in the air. As she stood in the garden, she noticed a movement by the garage—something subtle, something she might have ignored on any other day. And yet, her instincts sharpened. She moved closer to the house, her unease growing. Back inside, Connie tried to calm herself by calling her neighbor, Mrs. Winston, for some company and reassurance. But instead of comfort, Mrs. Winston’s news sent a chill through her. There had been a string of burglaries in the neighborhood while she was away. People’s homes had been ransacked, and an elderly man had been viciously attacked when he stumbled upon the criminals. Connie’s pulse quickened as the realization settled in—her house had been empty, vulnerable, the perfect target. A flicker of fear turned into a wave of terror as Connie recalled the subtle signs: the broken window, the feeling of being watched, the back door that wasn’t fully closed. It all fell into place. Someone had been using her house, hiding in the shadows, and she was no longer alone. Desperate to remain calm, she made her way upstairs, determined to face her fear. As she entered the bedroom, her breath caught in her throat. There, on the floor, was a bag filled with stolen goods—cameras, jewelry, watches—the loot from the burglaries Mrs. Winston had mentioned. Her home had become a hideout for criminals, and now, they would know she had discovered their secret. Suddenly, she heard the faint creak of the stairs. Someone was inside the house, moving deliberately, searching for her. Her heart pounded as she realized the intruder wasn’t just a burglar—he was someone who knew he had to silence her before she could call for help.

Connie’s survival instincts kicked in. Silently, she slipped out of her slippers and crept downstairs, her stockinged feet moving noiselessly over the floor. She knew she had to act fast. The front door was locked, and she couldn’t risk making a sound by unlocking it. She darted into the night, her heart racing as she fled through the dark garden. Then, she saw it—the motorcycle hidden near the garage, the vehicle of the man who was now hunting her. A wild idea sparked in her mind. She couldn’t drive the motorcycle, but she could use it for something else. Quickly, she found the fuel valve and opened it. The smell of gasoline filled the air as she fumbled for the box of matches in her pocket. With trembling hands, she struck a match and dropped it onto the leaking fuel. Flames erupted instantly, climbing hungrily into the night sky. Connie retreated into the shadows, her breath coming in short gasps as the fire blazed brighter and higher. The intruder burst from the house, his silhouette outlined against the roaring flames. In his frantic attempt to put out the fire, he realized too late that his escape was gone. The fire would attract attention—neighbors, firefighters, police. And with the loot still inside the house, there was no way he could explain his presence.

Connie wept silently, overwhelmed by a mix of relief and terror. The nightmare was over, but the fear that had gripped her throughout the night still clung to her. The distant wail of sirens grew louder as help finally arrived. In the glow of the flames, Connie stood in the safety of the night, knowing she had faced her fear and emerged stronger. The lights from the approaching cars pierced the darkness, and as the fire engines pulled up to her burning home, Connie realized that the man who had terrorized her was finished. He could no longer harm anyone. And though her home was lost, she had won a greater victory—overcoming the fear that had tried to consume her. She had saved herself by trusting her instincts and refusing to be a victim. The fire that burned away the evidence of the crime had also burned away her doubt. Connie had come home to a nightmare, but in the end, she found her strength.The night air was cool and sweet, and for the first time since she arrived, Connie felt a sense of peace.


                             असहज घर वापसी: डर और साहस की कहानी


दो हफ़्ते की शांतिपूर्ण छुट्टी के बाद घर लौटते समय कोनी का दिल उम्मीद से तेज़ धड़क रहा था। जैसे-जैसे टैक्सी दिन के ढलते उजाले में आगे बढ़ी, उसके आस-पास की हर चीज़ जानी-पहचानी लग रही थी, फिर भी उसके अंदर कुछ बेचैनी से हिल रहा था। उसका घर एक शांत खाड़ी के किनारे पर था, जो शहर की हलचल से अलग था। यह हमेशा की तरह साफ-सुथरा और स्वागत करने वाला लग रहा था, लेकिन एक अजीब सा डर उसे घेर रहा था, जैसे ही वह टैक्सी से बाहर निकली, उसने अपनी पकड़ और मजबूत कर ली। शांत घर में प्रवेश करने पर भी बेचैनी बनी रही। यह एक ऐसा सन्नाटा था जो अप्राकृतिक, लगभग दमनकारी लग रहा था, जैसे कि घर खुद ही अपनी सांस रोक रहा हो। कोनी ने इसे खारिज कर दिया, अपनी चिंता को इस तथ्य के लिए जिम्मेदार ठहराया कि वह अकेली थी और उसका पति टॉम आधी रात तक घर नहीं आएगा। फिर भी, एक चुभने वाली अनुभूति ने उसे बताया कि कुछ ठीक नहीं है। वह रसोई में चली गई, परिचित दिनचर्या में व्यस्त होकर अजीब भावनाओं को दूर करने की कोशिश कर रही थी। रेफ्रिजरेटर की गुनगुनाहट और नल से बहते पानी की आवाज़ ने कुछ आराम दिया, लेकिन यह उसके डर को दूर करने के लिए पर्याप्त नहीं था। घर परिचित होते हुए भी अजीब लग रहा था, जैसे उसकी अनुपस्थिति में उसमें अशांति फैल गई हो।


कोनी की नज़र बाहर बगीचे में चली गई, जहाँ शाम की आखिरी रोशनी खाड़ी पर एक हल्की सी चमक बिखेर रही थी। सब कुछ शांत और निर्मल लग रहा था, लेकिन हवा में तनाव था। जब वह बगीचे में खड़ी थी, तो उसने गैरेज के पास एक हलचल देखी - कुछ सूक्ष्म, जिसे वह किसी और दिन अनदेखा कर सकती थी। और फिर भी, उसकी सहज प्रवृत्ति तेज हो गई। वह घर के करीब चली गई, उसकी बेचैनी बढ़ती जा रही थी। वापस अंदर आकर, कोनी ने अपने पड़ोसी, श्रीमती विंस्टन को कुछ साथ और आश्वासन के लिए बुलाकर खुद को शांत करने की कोशिश की। लेकिन सांत्वना के बजाय, श्रीमती विंस्टन की खबर ने उसे सिहरन पैदा कर दी। जब वह घर से बाहर थी, तब पड़ोस में कई चोरियाँ हुई थीं। लोगों के घरों में लूटपाट की गई थी, और एक बुजुर्ग व्यक्ति पर तब क्रूर हमला किया गया था जब वह अपराधियों से टकरा गया था। कोनी की धड़कनें तेज़ हो गईं जब उसे एहसास हुआ - उसका घर खाली, असुरक्षित, एकदम सही लक्ष्य था। डर की एक झलक आतंक की लहर में बदल गई जब कोनी ने सूक्ष्म संकेतों को याद किया: टूटी हुई खिड़की, किसी की निगरानी का एहसास, पीछे का दरवाज़ा जो पूरी तरह से बंद नहीं था। सब कुछ ठीक हो गया। कोई उसके घर का इस्तेमाल कर रहा था, छाया में छिपकर, और अब वह अकेली नहीं थी। शांत रहने के लिए बेताब, वह अपने डर का सामना करने के लिए दृढ़ संकल्पित होकर ऊपर की ओर बढ़ी। जैसे ही वह बेडरूम में दाखिल हुई, उसकी सांस उसके गले में अटक गई। वहाँ, फर्श पर, चोरी के सामान से भरा एक बैग था - कैमरे, गहने, घड़ियाँ - चोरी की गई लूट जो श्रीमती विंस्टन ने बताई थी। उसका घर अपराधियों के लिए एक पनाहगाह बन गया था, और अब, उन्हें पता चल जाएगा कि उसने उनका रहस्य खोज लिया है। अचानक, उसने सीढ़ियों की हल्की चरमराहट सुनी। कोई घर के अंदर था, जानबूझकर हिल रहा था, उसे खोज रहा था। उसका दिल धड़कने लगा जब उसने महसूस किया कि घुसपैठिया सिर्फ एक चोर नहीं था - वह कोई ऐसा व्यक्ति था जो जानता था कि उसे मदद के लिए पुकारने से पहले उसे चुप कराना होगा।


कोनी की जीवित रहने की प्रवृत्ति ने काम करना शुरू कर दिया। चुपचाप, उसने अपनी चप्पलें उतारीं और नीचे की ओर सरक गई, उसके मोजे वाले पैर फर्श पर बिना आवाज़ किए चल रहे थे। वह जानती थी कि उसे जल्दी से काम करना होगा। सामने का दरवाज़ा बंद था, और वह उसे खोलकर आवाज़ करने का जोखिम नहीं उठा सकती थी। वह रात में भागी, उसका दिल तेज़ी से धड़क रहा था और वह अंधेरे बगीचे से भाग रही थी। फिर, उसने देखा - गैरेज के पास छिपी मोटरसाइकिल, उस आदमी की गाड़ी जो अब उसका शिकार कर रहा था। उसके दिमाग में एक अजीबोगरीब विचार कौंधा। वह मोटरसाइकिल नहीं चला सकती थी, लेकिन वह इसे किसी और काम के लिए इस्तेमाल कर सकती थी। जल्दी से, उसने ईंधन वाल्व ढूँढ़ा और उसे खोला। गैसोलीन की गंध हवा में भर गई जब उसने अपनी जेब में माचिस की डिब्बी ढूँढ़ी। काँपते हाथों से, उसने माचिस जलाई और उसे लीक हो रहे ईंधन पर गिरा दिया। लपटें तुरंत भड़क उठीं, रात के आसमान में भूख से चढ़ती हुई। कोनी छाया में पीछे हट गई, उसकी साँस छोटी-छोटी साँसों में आ रही थी क्योंकि आग तेज़ और ऊँची होती जा रही थी। घुसपैठिया घर से बाहर निकल गया, उसकी आकृति धधकती लपटों के बीच उभरी। आग बुझाने के अपने उन्मत्त प्रयास में, उसे बहुत देर से एहसास हुआ कि उसका भागने का रास्ता खत्म हो गया है। आग ने पड़ोसियों, अग्निशामकों, पुलिस का ध्यान आकर्षित किया। और घर के अंदर अभी भी लूट का माल होने के कारण, उसके पास अपनी उपस्थिति को स्पष्ट करने का कोई तरीका नहीं था।


राहत और भय के मिश्रण से अभिभूत कोनी चुपचाप रो पड़ी। दुःस्वप्न समाप्त हो गया था, लेकिन रात भर उसे जकड़े रखने वाला डर अभी भी उससे चिपका हुआ था। जब मदद आखिरकार पहुँची तो दूर से सायरन की आवाज़ तेज़ हो गई। आग की लपटों में, कोनी रात की सुरक्षा में खड़ी थी, यह जानते हुए कि उसने अपने डर का सामना किया है और मज़बूती से उभरी है। पास आ रही कारों की रोशनी अंधेरे को चीर रही थी, और जैसे ही दमकल की गाड़ियाँ उसके जलते हुए घर के पास पहुँचीं, कोनी को एहसास हुआ कि जिस आदमी ने उसे आतंकित किया था, वह खत्म हो चुका है। वह अब किसी को नुकसान नहीं पहुँचा सकता था। और हालाँकि उसका घर खो गया था, उसने एक बड़ी जीत हासिल की थी - उस डर पर काबू पा लिया था जो उसे खा जाने की कोशिश कर रहा था। उसने अपनी सहज प्रवृत्ति पर भरोसा करके और पीड़ित होने से इनकार करके खुद को बचा लिया था। जिस आग ने अपराध के सबूतों को जला दिया था, उसने उसके संदेह को भी जला दिया था। कोनी एक दुःस्वप्न के साथ घर लौटी थी, लेकिन अंत में, उसने अपनी ताकत पाई। रात की हवा ठंडी और मीठी थी, और आने के बाद पहली बार कोनी को शांति का एहसास हुआ।

AECC 2 Alternative English THE FIGHT BETWEEN LEOPARDS By Jim Corbett STORY IN HINDI & ENGLISH


                                    STORY OF THE FIGHT BETWEEN LEOPARDS


In a peaceful village nestled in the Himalayan foothills, life was simple, filled with quiet moments and the hum of nature. But one evening, that peace was shattered by a mother’s heartbreaking wail, mourning the loss of her child. A ferocious leopard had taken the boy, leaving the village in fear and sorrow.

Jim Corbett, a hunter known for his skill and compassion, arrived to help. As he listened to the woman’s cries, he couldn't help but feel the weight of her pain. She blamed the men of the village, asking why they hadn't chased after the leopard, believing that if her husband were alive, he would have saved her son. Corbett, though deeply moved, knew the truth: no one, unarmed, could face a predator of such power. The boy was lost before anyone could act.

Corbett examined the scene, tracing the leopard’s path of destruction. He followed the blood trail through the fields, marveling at the strength of the beast that had leapt over high walls with the child in its jaws. The leopard had left its prey behind when the villagers raised an alarm, but Corbett knew it would return to claim its kill. He decided to stay the night, setting a trap in the courtyard where the boy had been taken.

As the night deepened, a storm rolled in. Thunder and lightning flashed across the sky, and the village fell into a heavy silence, broken only by the occasional rumble of the storm. Corbett waited, his rifle ready, hoping to catch the leopard when it returned.

Suddenly, he heard a soft, creeping sound. His heart raced as he felt something brush against his bare knees. Was it the leopard, silently approaching to strike? But to his surprise, it was only a small, drenched kitten seeking shelter from the storm. The tension eased for a moment as Corbett smiled at the irony of such a tiny creature seeking comfort in the middle of such a deadly night.

Then, without warning, the stillness was broken by a low, ominous growl. Corbett listened intently as the growl turned into a terrifying roar. Two leopards were fighting—one of them the old man-eater, and the other a younger, stronger male challenging him for dominance. The battle was fierce, with claws slashing and teeth gnashing in the darkness. Corbett knew that this fight, between these two powerful beasts, would decide not just the rule of the territory but the fate of the villagers who had lived in terror for years.

The fight raged on through the night. The old man-eater, though strong, was worn from years of terrorizing the hills. His younger rival fought with the ferocity of youth, determined to take over the land. As dawn approached, silence finally fell over the village. Corbett hoped that the younger leopard had defeated the man-eater, bringing an end to the eight years of terror that had haunted the village.

Though Corbett had come to hunt the leopard himself, nature had played its hand. The battle between the leopards brought a resolution that even Corbett couldn’t have predicted. As the sun rose over the quiet village, there was a sense of peace—a peace hard-earned by the forces of the wild.



                                                     तेंदुओं के बीच लड़ाई की कहानी


हिमालय की तलहटी में बसे एक शांत गांव में, जीवन सरल था, शांत क्षणों और प्रकृति की गुनगुनाहट से भरा हुआ था। लेकिन एक शाम, वह शांति एक माँ के दिल दहला देने वाले विलाप से बिखर गई, जो अपने बच्चे को खोने का शोक मना रही थी। एक खूंखार तेंदुआ लड़के को उठा ले गया था, जिससे गांव में भय और दुख का माहौल था।


जिम कॉर्बेट, एक शिकारी जो अपने कौशल और करुणा के लिए जाना जाता है, मदद करने के लिए आया था। जब उसने महिला की चीखें सुनीं, तो वह उसके दर्द का बोझ महसूस करने से खुद को नहीं रोक सका। उसने गांव के पुरुषों को दोषी ठहराया, पूछा कि उन्होंने तेंदुए का पीछा क्यों नहीं किया, क्योंकि उनका मानना ​​था कि अगर उसका पति जीवित होता, तो वह उसके बेटे को बचा लेता। कॉर्बेट, हालांकि बहुत दुखी था, सच्चाई जानता था: कोई भी, निहत्था, इतनी ताकतवर शिकारी का सामना नहीं कर सकता। कोई कुछ कर पाता, उससे पहले ही लड़का खो गया।

कॉर्बेट ने घटनास्थल की जांच की, तेंदुए के विनाश के मार्ग का पता लगाया। वह खेतों में खून के निशानों का पीछा करते हुए, उस जानवर की ताकत पर आश्चर्यचकित था जो बच्चे को अपने जबड़े में लेकर ऊंची दीवारों को लांघ गया था। जब ग्रामीणों ने शोर मचाया तो तेंदुआ अपना शिकार छोड़कर भाग गया था, लेकिन कॉर्बेट को पता था कि वह अपना शिकार लेने के लिए वापस आएगा। उसने रात वहीं रुकने का फैसला किया, और उस आंगन में जाल बिछा दिया जहां लड़के को ले जाया गया था।

जैसे-जैसे रात गहराती गई, तूफ़ान आने लगा। आसमान में गरज और बिजली चमकने लगी और गांव में सन्नाटा छा गया, जो कभी-कभार तूफ़ान की गड़गड़ाहट से ही टूटता था। कॉर्बेट अपनी राइफल तैयार करके इंतज़ार कर रहा था, उम्मीद कर रहा था कि जब तेंदुआ वापस आएगा तो उसे पकड़ लेगा।

अचानक, उसने एक नरम, रेंगने वाली आवाज़ सुनी। उसका दिल तेज़ी से धड़कने लगा जब उसने महसूस किया कि उसके नंगे घुटनों पर कुछ छू रहा है। क्या यह तेंदुआ था, जो चुपचाप हमला करने के लिए आ रहा था? लेकिन उसे आश्चर्य हुआ कि यह सिर्फ़ एक छोटा, भीगा हुआ बिल्ली का बच्चा था जो तूफ़ान से बचने के लिए आश्रय की तलाश कर रहा था। एक पल के लिए तनाव कम हो गया क्योंकि कॉर्बेट ने इस तरह की घातक रात के बीच में आराम की तलाश कर रहे एक छोटे से जीव की विडंबना पर मुस्कुराया।

फिर, बिना किसी चेतावनी के, शांति भंग हुई और एक धीमी, अशुभ दहाड़ सुनाई दी। कॉर्बेट ने ध्यान से सुना क्योंकि दहाड़ एक भयानक दहाड़ में बदल गई। दो तेंदुए लड़ रहे थे - उनमें से एक बूढ़ा आदमखोर था, और दूसरा एक युवा, मजबूत नर था जो प्रभुत्व के लिए उसे चुनौती दे रहा था। लड़ाई भयंकर थी, पंजे काट रहे थे और अंधेरे में दांत पीस रहे थे। कॉर्बेट जानता था कि इन दो शक्तिशाली जानवरों के बीच यह लड़ाई न केवल क्षेत्र के शासन का फैसला करेगी बल्कि उन ग्रामीणों का भाग्य भी तय करेगी जो वर्षों से आतंक में रह रहे थे।

रात भर लड़ाई चलती रही। बूढ़ा नरभक्षी, हालांकि ताकतवर था, लेकिन पहाड़ियों पर आतंक मचाने के वर्षों से थका हुआ था। उसका छोटा प्रतिद्वंद्वी जवानी की क्रूरता के साथ लड़ रहा था, जमीन पर कब्जा करने के लिए दृढ़ था। जैसे-जैसे भोर हुई, गाँव में आखिरकार सन्नाटा छा गया। कॉर्बेट को उम्मीद थी कि छोटे तेंदुए ने नरभक्षी को हरा दिया होगा, जिससे गाँव में आठ साल से चल रहा आतंक खत्म हो जाएगा।

हालाँकि कॉर्बेट खुद तेंदुए का शिकार करने आए थे, लेकिन प्रकृति ने अपना खेल दिखाया था। तेंदुओं के बीच लड़ाई ने एक ऐसा समाधान निकाला जिसकी कॉर्बेट ने भी कल्पना नहीं की थी। जैसे ही सूरज शांत गाँव में उगता है, वहाँ शांति का एहसास होता है - एक ऐसी शांति जो जंगली ताकतों द्वारा कड़ी मेहनत से अर्जित की जाती है।


MCQs on the topic of "Articles" in English grammar for Competitive exam

"Articles" in English grammar

1. Which article is used before a singular noun that begins with a consonant sound?

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: a) A


2. Choose the correct article: "He is ____ honest man."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


3. Fill in the blank: "I saw ____ elephant at the zoo."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


4. Which article is used with a specific noun that both the speaker and the listener are aware of?

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


5. Select the correct option: "She is ____ best singer in our class."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


6. Choose the correct article: "They live in ____ small house near the river."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


7. Which article should be used in the sentence: "____ sun rises in the east"?

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


8. Fill in the blank: "I have ____ idea about the project."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


9. Select the correct option: "He went to ____ university in London."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) a


10. Fill in the blank: "____ Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


11. Choose the correct article: "He is ____ European."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


12. Fill in the blank: "She is ____ best friend I have ever had."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


13. Select the correct option: "We went to ____ beach yesterday."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


14. Choose the correct article: "This is ____ amazing story."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


15. Which article should be used in the sentence: "I bought ____ umbrella because it was raining"?

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


16. Fill in the blank: "They are staying in ____ hotel near the airport."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


17. Select the correct option: "I saw ____ dog in the park. ____ dog was very friendly."

a) a, A

b) an, An

c) the, The

d) a, The

Answer: d) a, The


18. Choose the correct article: "We should protect ____ environment."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


19. Fill in the blank: "____ apples are good for health."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: d) No article


20. Which article should be used in the sentence: "He is ____ engineer by profession"?

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


21. Choose the correct article: "We went to ____ cinema last night."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


22. Select the correct option: "She will arrive in ____ hour."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


23. Fill in the blank: "____ Ganges is a holy river for Hindus."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


24. Choose the correct article: "He is studying to become ____ lawyer."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


25. Fill in the blank: "I love listening to ____ music."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: d) No article


26. Choose the correct article: "He is considered ____ authority on ancient history."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


27. Select the correct option: "I have ____ little patience for ____ kind of behavior."

a) a, a

b) a, the

c) the, a

d) No article, this

Answer: d) No article, this


28. Choose the correct article: "____ Alps are a popular tourist destination."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


29. Fill in the blank: "____ Nile is the longest river in the world."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


30. Select the correct option: "They went to ____ United Kingdom for their honeymoon."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


31. Choose the correct article: "____ little knowledge is ____ dangerous thing."

a) A, a

b) The, the

c) A, the

d) No article, a

Answer: a) A, a


32. Fill in the blank: "She has ____ incredible grasp of languages."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


33. Choose the correct article: "This is ____ best solution we can come up with."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


34. Fill in the blank: "I don’t usually drink coffee in ____ morning, but today I had ____ cup."

a) a, a

b) the, a

c) the, the

d) No article, a

Answer: b) the, a


35. Select the correct option: "She has been working here for ____ last five years."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


36. Choose the correct article: "He is ____ most talented player on the team."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


37. Fill in the blank: "He was elected as ____ chairman of the committee."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: d) No article


38. Choose the correct article: "We walked along ____ banks of the river."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


39. Select the correct option: "____ President of the United States is elected every four years."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


40. Fill in the blank: "This is ____ only solution that works."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


41. Choose the correct article: "There is ____ unique perspective that you can bring to the table."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) a


42. Fill in the blank: "____ invention of the printing press changed the world."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


43. Select the correct option: "After ____ long day at work, I like to relax with a book."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


44. Choose the correct article: "____ wisdom he shared with us was invaluable."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


45. Fill in the blank: "____ French cuisine is famous all over the world.") A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


46. Select the correct article: "She is not just a teacher; she is ____ inspiration to her students."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


47. Choose the correct article: "After ____ examination, the results will be published."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


48. Fill in the blank: "He was appointed as ____ head of the department."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


49. Which article should be used in the sentence: "He gave ____ account of the events."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


50. Choose the correct article: "____ internet has revolutionized communication."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


51. Fill in the blank: "She has a talent for painting, and she hopes to become ____ artist."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) an


52. Select the correct option: "He is known for his work as ____ architect."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) an


53. Choose the correct article: "It was ____ most exciting match I had ever seen."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


54. Fill in the blank: "The theory presented was ____ groundbreaking in its field."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) a


55. Select the correct option: "He found himself in ____ difficult situation."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


56. Choose the correct article: "I want to travel to ____ United States next summer."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


57. Fill in the blank: "They have developed ____ effective strategy for marketing."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) an


58. Select the correct option: "It is important to maintain ____ balance in your life."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


59. Choose the correct article: "He made ____ valuable contribution to the project."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


60. Fill in the blank: "She has been to ____ Bahamas for vacation."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


61. Which article should be used in the sentence: "There is ____ potential for growth in this market."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


62. Select the correct option: "We should focus on ____ quality of our products."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


63. Choose the correct article: "I need ____ information about the upcoming seminar."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


64. Fill in the blank: "He gave ____ overview of the situation during the meeting."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


65. Select the correct option: "They aim to provide ____ excellent customer service."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) an


66. Choose the correct article: "It is essential to have ____ understanding of the topic before proceeding."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


67. Fill in the blank: "____ quantum mechanics is a complex subject."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


68. Select the correct option: "He was referred to as ____ genius in his field."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


69. Choose the correct article: "We need to discuss ____ impact of climate change."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


70. Fill in the blank: "She gave me ____ advice that I really needed."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


71. Which article should be used in the sentence: "He is a person of ____ integrity."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: d) No article


72. Select the correct option: "____ information you provided was very helpful."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


73. Choose the correct article: "She has been given ____ opportunity to work abroad."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) an


74. Fill in the blank: "____ teacher who inspires her students is invaluable."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


75. Select the correct option: "He has been recognized as ____ leader in his community."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


76. Choose the correct article: "She attended ____ University of Oxford."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


77. Fill in the blank: "He is working on ____ book that will be published next year."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


78. Which article should be used in the sentence: "____ study conducted last year revealed interesting results."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


79. Select the correct option: "They need to make ____ decision soon."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


80. Choose the correct article: "She is considered ____ authority on modern art."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


81. Fill in the blank: "____ satisfaction of our customers is our top priority."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


82. Which article should be used in the sentence: "He has taken on ____ new project at work."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


83. Select the correct option: "____ history of art is fascinating."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


84. Choose the correct article: "There is ____ need for better communication in the team."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


85. Fill in the blank: "He is known for his work in ____ environmental science."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: d) No article


86. Choose the correct article: "It is said that ____ absence makes the heart grow fonder."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: d) No article


87. Fill in the blank: "He was praised for being ____ reliable source of information."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


88. Select the correct option: "She approached the problem with ____ innovative mindset."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


89. Choose the correct article: "He is regarded as ____ expert in his field."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


90. Fill in the blank: "In times of crisis, ____ leadership is crucial."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


91. Which article should be used in the sentence: "She has ____ unique perspective on the issue."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) a


92. Select the correct option: "It is ____ honor to work with such talented individuals."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


93. Choose the correct article: "____ potential for success is evident in her work."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


94. Fill in the blank: "____ beauty of nature is often taken for granted."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


95. Which article should be used in the sentence: "He has committed himself to ____ environmental issues."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


96. Select the correct option: "She has been studying ____ history of philosophy for years."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


97. Choose the correct article: "The findings of the study were published in ____ leading journal."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


98. Fill in the blank: "He is recognized for his contributions to ____ field of renewable energy."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


99. Which article should be used in the sentence: "To err is ____ human."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: d) No article


100. Select the correct option: "He views education as ____ essential tool for empowerment."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) an


101. Choose the correct article: "____ Renaissance marked a period of great cultural change."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


102. Fill in the blank: "____ unforeseen circumstances led to the project's delay."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


103. Which article should be used in the sentence: "She is working on ____ ambitious project that aims to change lives."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) an


104. Select the correct option: "It is important to focus on ____ bigger picture."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


105. Choose the correct article: "He has always dreamed of becoming ____ actor."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) an


106. Fill in the blank: "He is seen as ____ man of integrity."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: d) No article


107. Select the correct option: "She has the ability to find ____ solution in every crisis."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


108. Choose the correct article: "It was ____ honor to meet such a distinguished scientist."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


109. Fill in the blank: "After ____ long day at work, I need to unwind."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


110. Which article should be used in the sentence: "He claims to have ____ idea that could revolutionize the industry."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) an


111. Select the correct option: "____ role of education in society cannot be overstated."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


112. Choose the correct article: "I need ____ advice from someone experienced."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: d) No article


113. Fill in the blank: "____ Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean on Earth."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


114. Which article should be used in the sentence: "She has ____ unique perspective on the matter."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) a


115. Select the correct option: "He is not only ____ athlete but also ____ musician."

a) a, a

b) an, a

c) an, an

d) the, a

Answer: b) an, a


116. Choose the correct article: "In ____ absence of evidence, we cannot proceed."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


117. Fill in the blank: "She is not just ____ actress; she is also a talented director."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


118. Which article should be used in the sentence: "They are planning to launch ____ new product next quarter."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


119. Select the correct option: "To err is ____ human, to forgive is ____ divine."

a) a, a

b) an, a

c) a, an

d) No article, a

Answer: d) No article, a


120. Choose the correct article: "He is working on ____ book that could change perspectives."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


121. Fill in the blank: "She has been a source of ____ inspiration to many."


a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


122. Which article should be used in the sentence: "She attended ____ University of California."


a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


123. Select the correct option: "He has been working on ____ groundbreaking research."


a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) a


124. Choose the correct article: "It is important to maintain ____ balance in life."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


125. Fill in the blank: "She has achieved ____ success that few can match."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


126. Fill in the blank: "The CEO gave ____ answer that left everyone confused, despite his attempt at clarity."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


127. Select the correct option: "She aspires to become ____ authority in her field, but it will take time and effort."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) an


128. Choose the correct article: "____ idea of forming a partnership emerged after months of discussions."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


129. Fill in the blank: "He approached ____ challenge with determination, knowing it was his last chance."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


130. Which article should be used in the sentence: "She gave ____ speech that moved the audience to tears."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


131. Select the correct option: "After years of hard work, he has become ____ acknowledged expert in the field of quantum mechanics."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


132. Choose the correct article: "I’ve always believed that knowledge is ____ key to success in any venture."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


133. Fill in the blank: "____ rise of artificial intelligence has sparked debates about its ethical implications."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


134. Which article should be used in the sentence: "He is regarded as ____ best chess player in the world."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


135. Select the correct option: "They developed ____ strategy that could revolutionize the industry."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


136. Choose the correct article: "His invention led to ____ profound changes in the way we communicate."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) a


137. Fill in the blank: "After years of debate, ____ consensus has finally emerged on the issue of climate change."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) a


138. Which article should be used in the sentence: "In ____ unpredictable world, flexibility is key to survival."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


139. Select the correct option: "They’ve published ____ influential paper that challenges traditional economic models."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


140. Choose the correct article: "He’s working on ____ unique solution that could solve the global water crisis."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) a


141. Fill in the blank: "She was awarded ____ Nobel Prize for her contributions to literature."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


142. Which article should be used in the sentence: "____ Pacific Ocean is known for its vastness and depth."


a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


143. Select the correct option: "To understand the problem, you must have ____ deep knowledge of the subject."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) a


144. Choose the correct article: "He’s considered ____ authority in cognitive psychology due to his extensive research."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) an


145. Fill in the blank: "His speech was ____ inspiring call for unity and action."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


146. Fill in the blank: "In ____ aftermath of the crisis, the government had to impose strict regulations."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


147. Choose the correct article: "After ____ exhausting series of negotiations, the deal was finally signed."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


148. Select the correct option: "They followed ____ established procedures but still failed to meet the deadline."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


149. Fill in the blank: "He hoped to find ____ solution that would satisfy all parties involved, but it proved difficult."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


150. Which article should be used in the sentence: "It’s important to understand ____ dynamics of the situation before taking any action."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: c) the


151. Choose the correct article: "She was hailed as ____ beacon of hope for the entire community."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


152. Fill in the blank: "The company developed ____ innovative technology that is now being used worldwide."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


153. Which article should be used in the sentence: "He made ____ suggestion that was ignored, but later turned out to be crucial."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


154. Select the correct option: "____ changing landscape of global trade presents both opportunities and risks."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


155. Choose the correct article: "She gave ____ detailed explanation of her findings during the presentation."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


156. Fill in the blank: "The organization needs ____ strategy to address the emerging challenges."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a


157. Which article should be used in the sentence: "____ unexpected turn of events forced them to rethink their approach."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: b) An


158. Select the correct option: "She was given ____ honorary doctorate by the university for her contributions to science."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


159. Fill in the blank: "____ uncertainty surrounding the outcome of the negotiations created tension among the stakeholders."

a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The


160. Which article should be used in the sentence: "The book offers ____ comprehensive analysis of the global financial system."

a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: a) a



201. Choose the correct article: "She faced ____ immense pressure to deliver results quickly."


a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


202. Fill in the blank: "He proposed ____ unique solution that was eventually implemented by the entire team."


a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) a


203. Which article should be used in the sentence: "She is known for making ____ significant impact on social issues through her writing."


a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) a


204. Select the correct option: "They received ____ overwhelming support from the local community during the crisis."


a) a

b) an

c) the

d) No article

Answer: b) an


205. Fill in the blank: "____ early signs of recovery were noticed, but it’s still too soon to celebrate."


a) A

b) An

c) The

d) No article

Answer: c) The

Daily-use sentences in both Odia and English for common conversation

"Good morning! How’s it going?" ସୁପ୍ରଭାତ! କେମିତି ଚାଲିଛି? "Thank you so much for your help!" ଆପଣଙ୍କ ସହଯୋଗ ପାଇଁ ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ ଅନ...